Dog Owner Dashboard

References

COAST Development Group’s international consensus guidelines for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis

Summary:

This report describes consensus guidelines and recommendations for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis (OA) according to the “Canine OsteoArthritis Staging Tool excluding radiography” (COASTeR) stage of OA, by the COAST Development Group. The recommendations are based on evidence-based medicine and clinical experience and are proposed with international relevance in mind. The aim is to provide veterinarians with a practical reference to consolidated information and to support the development of patient-specific OA management protocols and informed treatment choices based on the stage of OA.

Conclusion:

Canine osteoarthritis is a complex disease and only animal healthcare professionals with personal knowledge of the patient can optimize care plans to meet the needs of the patient and requirements of the pet caregiver. This proposal for the first international guidelines for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis (OA), according to the COASTeR OA stage, is intended to provide a practical reference to evidence-based recommendations and expert opinion while leaving decision-making and the development of protocols appropriate to each dog’s specific situation, firmly in the hands of the consulting veterinarian. The authors encourage the use of the COAST staging tool and the COAST canine OA treatment guidelines proposal, and welcome feedback to help guide future updates and the optimization of both ([email protected]).

 

Author & Journal:Thibaut Cachon, Ole Frykman, John F. Innes, B. Duncan X. Lascelles, Masahiro Okumura, Pedro Sousa, Francesco Staffieri, Paulo V. Steagall, Bernadette Van Ryssen; Frontiers in Veterinary Science
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Comparative Efficacy of Water and Land Treadmill Training for Overweight or Obese Adults

Summary:

Comparative Efficacy of Water and Land Treadmill Training for Overweight or Obese Adults. {Humans}

Purpose: No known previous research has been published to explore the efficacy of underwater treadmill (UWTM) exercise training for the obese. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare changes in physical fitness, body weight, and body composition in physically inactive, overweight, and obese adults after 12 wks of land treadmill (LTM) or UWTM training.

Conclusion:

UWTM and LTM training are equally capable of improving aerobic fitness and body composition in physically inactive overweight individuals, but UWTM training may induce increases in LBM.

Author & Journal:Greene, Nicholas, et al, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2009
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Diagnostic value of intra-articular anaesthetic in primary osteoarthritis of the hip.

Summary:

“We investigated 42 patients who were being considered for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), but in whom it was uncertain whether the hip was the source of their pain.”

Conclusion:

“Of 33 patients who gained pain relief from their injection, 32 subsequently had successful THA. The remaining patient has not had surgery.”

Author & Journal:Crawford, R.W., et al, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 1998
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Effect of corticosteroids on articular cartilage: have animal studies said everything?

Summary:

Intra-articular (IA) corticosteroids (CS) have been used in the treatment of osteoarthritis for many years, although their effects on articular cartilage are not fully understood. To identify whether previous animal studies have provided enough evidence about the effects of CS, we undertook a systematic review that identified 35 relevant in vivo animal experimental studies between 1965 and 2014 assessing the effects of CS on either normal cartilage, or in either induced osteoarthritis (OA) or synovitis.

Conclusion:

Animal studies have not yet provided definitive data, and further research is required into the role of CS in articular pathobiology.

Author & Journal:Vandeweerd, Jean-Michel, et al., Fundam Clin Pharmacol, 2015
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Effect of passive stretching on the range of motion of osteoarthritic joints in 10 Labrador retrievers

Summary:

Ten Labrador retrievers and their owners undertook a program to determine the effect of passive stretching on the dogs’ osteoarthritic joints, which had a restricted range of motion. The range of motion of the joints was measured before and after the 21-day study, during which the owners performed 10 passive stretches for a hold of 10 seconds twice daily. Goniometric measurements showed that the passive stretching had significantly increased the range of motion of the joints.

Conclusion:

The results show that passive stretching can effectively increase the range of movement of the osteoarthritic joints of labrador retrievers.

Author & Journal:T. Crook, C. McGowan, M. Pead, The Veterinary Record, April 2007
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Effect of swimming on clinical functional parameters and serum biomarkers in healthy and osteoarthritic dogs.

Summary:

This study aimed to determine whether swimming could improve function of osteoarthritic joints in canine hip OA.

Conclusion:

Conclusion, swimming over 2-day period, 8 weeks continually, can improve the function of OA joint.

Author & Journal:Nganvongpanit K et al. ISRN Vet Sci 2014
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Evaluation of Agreement Between Numerical Rating Scales, Visual Analogue Scoring Scales, and Force Plate Gait Analysis in Dogs

Summary:

“To evaluate the accuracy of numerical rating (NRS) and visual analogue (VAS) scoring scales compared with force plate gait analysis and agreement between observers for each scoring scale.”

Conclusion:

“Subjective scoring scales do not replace force plate gait analysis. Agreement is low unless lameness is severe, and each observer uses an individually unique scale. Subjective scoring scales most accurately reflect force plate gait analysis when lameness is severe.”

Author & Journal:Quinn, Margaret M., et al, Veterinary Surgery, 2007
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Evaluation of Construct and Criterion Validity for the ‘Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs’ (LOAD) Clinical Metrology Instrument and Comparison to Two Other Instruments

Summary:

“To test the ‘Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs’ (LOAD) questionnaire for construct and criterion validity, and to similarly test the Helsinki Chronic Pain Index (HCPI) and the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI).”

Conclusion:

“LOAD is an owner-completed clinical metrology instrument that can be recommended for the measurement of canine osteoarthritis. It is convenient to use, validated and, as demonstrated here for the first time, has a correlation with force-platform data.”

Author & Journal:Walton, Myles Benjamin, et al, PLoS One, 2013
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Hyaluronic Acid Versus Saline Intra-Articular Injections for Amelioration of Chronic Knee Osteoarthritis: A Canine Model

Summary:

“The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) versus saline for symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis (OA).”

Conclusion:

“These data suggest that currently used HA injection protocols were safe and were superior to saline for short-term amelioration of symptoms associated with chronic OA. IAHA injections resulted in clinically significant improvements with respect to pain, function, and range of motion for 4–6 months after treatment with high molecular weight HA showing the most notable and sustained beneficial effects. These findings support the safety and efficacy of IAHA as a symptomatic treatment option for patients with knee OA.”

Author & Journal:Pashuck, Troy D. et al, Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2016
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Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production in chondrocytes by avocado soybean unsaponifiables and epigallocatechin gallate

Summary:

“To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of the combination of avocado soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) and epigallocatechin gal- late (EGCG) on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in cytokine-activated equine chondrocytes.”

Conclusion:

“The present study demonstrates that the anti-inflammatory activity of ASU and EGCG is potentiated when used in combination. This combination may offer an attractive supplement or alternative to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the management of osteoarthritis.”

Author & Journal:Heineckey, L.F., et al, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2010
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