References

Psychometric testing of the Helsinki chronic pain index by completion of a questionnaire in Finnish by owners of dogs with chronic signs of pain caused by osteoarthritis

Summary:

“To determine the validity, reliability, and sensitivity of a published chronic pain index by completion of a questionnaire in Finnish by owners of dogs with chronic signs of pain caused by osteoarthritis.”

Conclusion:

“The Finnish version of the HCPI provided a valid, reliable, and responsive tool for assessment of response to treatment in dogs with osteoarthritis.”

Author & Journal:Hielm-Björkman, Anna K., et al, American Journal of Veterinary Research, 2009

Qualitative study of owner perceptions of chronic pain in their dogs

Summary:

“To understand the experiences of owners of dogs with chronic pain and explore owner perceptions of their pets’ pain.”

Conclusion:

“By understanding the impact of chronic pain on dog owners and ap- preciating how owners perceive pain in their pets, veterinarians may be able to provide better care for patients and clients.“

Author & Journal:Davis, Kelly N., et al, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2019

Recognizing Behavioral Signs of Pain and Disease:

Summary:

“The aim of this article is to illustrate some examples of cases that might present as behavioral disorders but are in fact medical conditions.”

Conclusion:

“Observing and collecting complete histories of obvious and subtle changes in behavior will help veterinarians identify and define more precisely all of the signs associated with medical and painful conditions as well as those associated with behavioral disorders.”

Author & Journal:Frank, Diane, Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 2014

Reliability and validity of a visual analogue scale used by owners to measure chronic pain attributable to osteoarthritis in their dogs

Summary:

“To assess validity and reliability for a visual analogue scale (VAS) used by owners to measure chronic pain in their osteoarthritic dogs.”

Conclusion:

“Although valid and reliable, the pain VAS was a poor tool for untrained owners because of poor face validity (ie, owners could not recognize their dogs’ behavior as signs of pain). Only after owners had seen pain diminish and then return (after starting and discontinuing NSAID use) did the VAS have face validity.”

Author & Journal:Hielm-Björkman, Anna K, et al, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2011

Use of client-specific outcome measures to assess treatment effects in geriatric, arthritic dogs: controlled clinical evaluation of a nutraceutical.

Summary:

“A questionnaire method was designed for dog owners to monitor the orthopedic disabilities of their pets for evaluation of a nutraceutical with joint health claims. Fifty large-breed dogs, 7 to 12 years of age, presenting with signs of osteoarthritis, were randomly allocated to placebo and active treatment groups. Degree of disability was assessed by physical examination, a standard questionnaire on daily activities, and a case-specific questionnaire that monitored specific impairments of each dog. The test product was a special milk protein concentrate (SMPC) from hyperimmunized cows, previously shown to express anti inflammatory and antiarthritic activity in humans”

Conclusion:

“Overall improvement was noted in 68% and 35% of the SMPC and placebo groups, respectively.”

Author & Journal:Gingerich D.A., et al, Veterinary Therapeutics, 2003