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Assessment of the effects of diet and physical rehabilitation on radiographic findings and markers of synovial inflammation in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

Summary:

To determine the effects of an omega-3 fatty acid and protein-enriched diet, physical rehabilitation, or both on radiographicfindings and markers of synovial inflammation in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and arthroscopic surgery for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament disease. DESIGN Randomized, prospective clinical trial. ANIMALS 48 dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament disease.

Conclusion:

Results suggested that feeding the TF can result in lower synovial fluid PGE2 concentrations and that both the TF and rehabilitation can reduce progression of osteoarthritis in the 6 months following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy; clinical relevance of slower osteotomy healing in dogs fed the TF was unclear.

Author & Journal:Verpaalen VD, et al, J Am Vet Med Assoc 252:701-709, 2018
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Lifelong diet restriction and radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis of the hip joint in dogs.

Summary:

To evaluate the effects of diet restriction on development of radiographic evidence of hip joint osteoarthritis in dogs.

Conclusion:

Restricted feeding delayed or prevented development of radiographic signs of hip joint osteoarthritis in this cohort of Labrador Retrievers. Lifetime maintenance of 25% diet restriction delayed onset and reduced severity of hip joint osteoarthritis, thus favorably affecting both duration and quality of life. In addition, the data indicated that development of hipjoint osteoarthritis was not bimodal in these dogs but occurred as a continuum throughout life.

Author & Journal:Smith GK, et al, J Am Vet Med Assoc 229: 690-693, 2006
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Management of concurrent patellar luxation and cranial cruciate ligament rupture using modified tibial plateau levelling.

Summary:

To evaluate a novel surgery aimed at managing concurrent medial patellar luxation (MPL) and cranial cruciate ligament(CCL) ruptures in dogs weighing more than 30 kg.

Conclusion:

Thirteen surgeries were performed in 12 dogs with a mean weight of 39.8 kg. The mean postoperative tibial plateau slope was 8.1 degrees. Additional surgery was required in two cases, one due to failure of fixation and another due to screw breakage. The mean lameness score was 3.5 (out of 5) before surgery, 0.7 after 8 to 12 weeks, and 0.3 at final follow-up. Median follow-up was 1115 days (range, 270 to 2040 days). No patella luxated after surgery.

Author & Journal:Langenbach A, et al, J Small Anim Prac 2010 51:97-103
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Epidemiology of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease Diagnosis in Dogs Attending Primary-Care Veterinary Practices in England.

Summary:

To estimate the prevalence and risk factors for a diagnosis of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease in dogs and to describe the management of such cases attending primary-care veterinary practices.

Conclusion:

Breed predispositions and demographic factors associated with diagnosis and case management of CCL disease in dogsidentified in this study can be used to help direct future research and management strategies.

Author & Journal:Taylor-Brown FE, et al, Vet Surg 2015;44:777-783
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Arthroscopic documentation of elbow cartilage pathology in dogs with clinical lameness without changes on standard radiographic projections.

Summary:

To document cartilage damage associated with elbow lameness in dogs without radiographic signs.

Conclusion:

Elbow pathology not associated with radiographic changes can be identified by CT and scintigraphy. Coronoid pathology is the most likely diagnosis.

Author & Journal:Punke JP, et al, Vet Surg 2009 38:209-212
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Clinical comparison of a novel extracapsular stabilization procedure and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament deficiency in dogs

Summary:

To develop and test a novel extracapsular technique, TightRope CCL technique (TR), and compare its 6-month clinicaloutcomes to tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) deficiency.

Conclusion:

TR resulted in 6-month outcomes that were not different than TPLO in terms of radiographic progression of OA and client-evaluated level of function. TR was associated with shorter anesthesia and surgery times as well as a lower complication rate.

Author & Journal:11. Cook J, et al, Vet Surg 2010;39(3):315-23
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Canine hip dysplasia treated by juvenile pubic symphysiodesis. Part II: two year clinical results.

Summary:

To determine the clinical effects of juvenile pubic symphysiodesis (JPS) treatment in hip dysplasia-prone puppies with comparison to similar untreated control puppies.

Conclusion:

In JPS dogs with preoperative mild to moderate hip laxity (DI = 0.40-0.69), insignificant osteoarthritis occurred at two years. Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis surgery also improved other clinical criteria (Ortolani, HRA, hip pain, N-DIS). Osteoarthritis was generally not prevented by JPS in dogs with initial severely lax hips (DI≥0.70). Juvenile pubic symphysiodesissurgery at 12 to 24 weeks of age was an effective and safe pre-emptive bilateral treatment for mild to moderate hip dysplasia.

Author & Journal:Dueland RT, et al, VCOT 2010
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The cruciate ligaments of the canine stifle: an anatomical and functional analysis.

Summary:

Fifty canine stifles were used to study the anatomy and function of the cruciate ligaments.

Conclusion:

It was found that both cruciate ligaments were composed of 2 component parts and that the geometry of their femoral attachments was responsible for a reciprocal loosening and tightening of these components through a range of motion. It was also found that transection of one or both cruciate ligaments resulted in marked joint instability.

Author & Journal:Arnoczky SP, et al, Am J Vet Res. 1977 Nov;38(11):1807-14
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Short-term and long-term outcomes for overweight dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture treated surgically or nonsurgically.

Summary:

To determine short- and long-term rates of successful outcomes of surgical and nonsurgical treatments for overweight dogswith cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR).

Conclusion:

Overweight dogs with CCLR treated via surgical and nonsurgical methods had better outcomes than dogs treated via nonsurgical methods alone. However, almost two-thirds of the dogs in the nonsurgical treatment group had a successful outcome at the 52-week evaluation time.

Author & Journal:Wucherer KL, et al, J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013;242:1364-1372
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Canine elbow dysplasia: anatomy and pathogenesis.

Summary:

Canine elbow dysplasia is a complex of diseases that includes ununited anconeal process, fragmented medial coronoid process, osteochondrosis of the medial humeral condyle, and elbow incongruity. Three causes of elbow dysplasia have been proposed: osteochondrosis, trochlear notch dysplasia, and asynchronous growth of the radius and ulna.

Author & Journal:Trostel CT, et al, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 2003 25 (10):754-761
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