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Safety and functional outcomes associated with short-term rehabilitation therapy in the post-operative management of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

Summary:

This retrospective cohort study using electronic questionnaires compared the perioperative complication rates of tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) surgery and the 8-week, 6-month, and 1-year functional outcomes, between rehabilitation and traditional post-operative management.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that rehabilitationperformed by a certified practitioner is safe and may improve short-term outcomes when used in the initial postoperative managementfor dogs treated with TPLO.

Author & Journal:Romano LS, et al, Can Vet J 56:942-946, 2015
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Evaluation of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan for the treatment of hip dysplasia in dogs.

Summary:

A double-blinded, controlled clinical study was performed to compare the response of adult dogs affected with hip dysplasia to a placebo and three different dosages of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG): 2.2 mg/kg, 4.4 mg/kg, and 8.8 mg/kg. Dogs were randomly assigned to treatment groups. The drug was administered intramuscularly every 3 to 5 days for a total of eight injections. Response to treatment was analyzed based on changes in lameness, range of motion (ROM), and pain on manipulation of the hip joints.

Conclusion:

Eighty-four met all criteria for inclusion in the study. Dogs that were given 4.4 mg/kg of PSGAG showed the greatest improvement in orthopedic scores, whereas dogs in the placebo group showed the smallest improvement; however, the differences in clinical improvement between the four treatment groups were not statistically significant. No local or systemic adverse reactions related to the drug were observed.

Author & Journal:DeHaan JJ, et al, Vet Surg 1994;23:177–181
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Prevalence of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in a population of dogs with lameness previously attributed to hip dysplasia: 369 cases (1994-2003)

Summary:

To determine the prevalence of cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) in dogs with lameness previously attributed to canine hip dysplasia (CHD).

Conclusion:

On the basis of the high prevalence of CCLR in dogs referred for lameness because of CHD, it is important to exclude other sources of stifle joint disease before making recommendations for treatment of CHD.

Author & Journal:Powers MY, et al, JAVMA 2005 227(7):1109-1111
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Update on the aetiopathogenesis of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease.

Summary:

Cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD) is the most common cause of hindlimb lameness in the dog, being associated with and eventually leading to stifle osteoarthritis.

Conclusion:

Conformation abnormalities, such as a narrowed distal femoral intercondylar notch, in high risk breeds have been shown to be associated with alterations in cranial cruciate ligament ultrastructure. Increased production of inflammatory cytokines, such as cathepsins and interleukins, by the stifle synovial cells may occur secondary to or may be an inciting cause of ligament degeneration. Future research endeavours will focus on the association between immune-mediated response and fibrocartilaginous metaplasia and matrix degradation within the cranial cruciate ligament, and whether this can be altered in all susceptible dogs or only certain breeds.

Author & Journal:Comerford EJ, et al, Vet Comp Ortho Traumatol 24:91-98, 2011
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Histomorphometry of fragmented medial coronoid process in dogs: a comparison of affected and normal coronoid processes.

Summary:

To determine if fatigue microdamage is associated with fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP).

Conclusion:

Accumulation of subchondral fatigue microdamage, is associated with MCP fragmentation. Fissuring occurs in the subchondral bone before gross fibrillation of articular cartilage develops.

Author & Journal:Danielson KC, et al, Vet Surg 2006 35:501-509
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Comparison of lateral fabellar suture and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy techniques for treatment of dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease.

Summary:

To compare 1-year outcomes after lateral fabellar suture stabilization (LFS) and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) for the treatment of dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease.

Conclusion:

Kinematic and owner satisfaction results indicated dogs that underwent TPLO had better outcomes than those that underwent LFS.

Author & Journal:Gordon-Evans WJ, et al, J Am Vet Med Assoc 243:675-680, 2013
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Retrospective evaluation of the long-term outcome of non-surgical management of 74 dogs with clinical hip dysplasia

Summary:

The long-term outcome for dogs treated non-surgically for clinical signs of canine hip dysplasia were evaluated retrospectively; 74 dogswere evaluated by a postal questionnaire sent to their owners, and 24 of these were also evaluated by a veterinary clinical examination.

Conclusion:

A total of 11 outcome variables were evaluated. Depending on the variable assessed, between 31 (41.9 per cent) and 49 (66.2 per cent) of the dogs remained clinically affected according to their owner’s assessment, and between 17 (70.8 per cent) and 23 (95.8 per cent) of the 24 dogs had abnormalities attributed to hip osteoarthritis according to the veterinary assessment. Orthopaedic abnormalities other than hip dysplasia affected 17 of the 24 dogs. Long-term medications had been prescribed for the treatment of clinical signs associated with hip dysplasia in 41 of the 74 dogs.

Author & Journal:Farrell M, Clements, et al, Vet Rec 160: 506-511, 2007
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Comparison of trochlear block recession and trochlear wedge recession for canine patellar luxation using a cadaver model.

Summary:

To compare trochlear block recession (TBR) to trochlear wedge recession (TWR) with regards to patellar depth (percentage of patellar volume under the trochlear ridges), patellar articular contact, percentage of recessed trochlear surface area, and resistance to patellar luxation.

Conclusion:

TBR increases proximal patellar depth, increases patellar articular contact with the recessed proximal trochlea, recesses a larger percentage of trochlear surface area, and results in a greater resistance to patellar luxation in an extended position as compared with TWR.

Author & Journal:Johnson AL, et al, Vet Surg 2001 30:140-150
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Evaluation of the clinical effects of diet and physical rehabilitation in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

Summary:

To assess clinical effects of an omega-3 fatty acid and protein-enriched diet, physical rehabilitation, or both in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) and arthroscopic surgery for cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease.

Conclusion:

Feeding the TF and providing physical rehabilitation during the first 6 months after TPLO were associated with improvements in some indices of clinical outcome and function in dogs. Significant interactions between time and some outcome variables were observed, indicating further research is warranted.

Author & Journal:Baltzer WI, et al, J Am Vet Med Assoc 252:686-700, 2018
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