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Surgery

Comparison of short- and long-term function and radiographic osteoarthrosis in dogs after postoperative physical rehabilitation and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy or lateral fabellar suture stabilization.

Summary:

To compare short- and long-term functional and radiographic outcome of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) injury in dogstreated with postoperative physical rehabilitation and either tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) or lateral fabellar suture stabilization(LFS).

Conclusion:

No significant difference in outcome as determined by ground reaction forces or radiographic OA scores were found between dogs with CrCL injury treated with LFS or TPLO.

Author & Journal:Au, KK, et al, Vet Surg 39:173-180, 2010
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Pelvic osteotomy for axial rotation of the acetabular segment in dogs with hip dysplasia

Summary:

Pelvic osteotomy has provided normal function and activity to dogs with hip dysplasia.

Conclusion:

Physical and radiographic examination and palpation under anesthesia permit evaluation of the degenerative process and provide the specific amount of axial rotation of the pelvis necessary for each dog. The technique consists of an osteotomy of the pubis, ischium, and ilium to reestablish acetabular support of the femoral head.

Author & Journal:Slocum B, et al, Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1992
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Short-term and eight to 12 months results of a tibial tuberosity advancement as treatment of canine cranial cruciate ligament damage.

Summary:

To describe the perioperative complications and the six weeks and eight to 12 months outcome of cases of canine cranialcruciate ligament damage treated with a tibial tuberosity advancement.

Conclusion:

The complication rate was comparable with previous reports of cranial cruciate ligament rupture treated with a tibial tuberosityadvancement or a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). The most frequent complication was a symptomatic late secondary meniscal damage in six cases (8.5 per cent). These cases were successfully treated with a partial meniscectomy during a minimal invasive procedure. The six-week re-evaluation showed advanced healing of the tibial crest osteotomies in 94 per cent of the cases and a significant reduction of the lameness in all dogs. Eighty-three per cent of the owners reported that their dogs are never lame or only after heavy exercise eight to 12 months after the tibial tuberosity advancement procedure. Sixty-five per cent of the owners stated the overall treatment to be excellent, 28 per cent good.

Author & Journal:Stein S, et al, J Small Anim Pract. 2008 Aug;49(8):398-404
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Techniques of application and initial clinical experience with sliding humeral osteotomy for treatment of medial compartment disease of the canine elbow.

Summary:

To determine medium-term clinical efficacy of sliding humeral osteotomy (SHO) for treatment of lameness and elbow pain associated with clinically diagnosed elbow disease featuring cartilage eburnation of the medial elbow compartment (medial compartmentdisease–MCD).

Conclusion:

Of 59 limbs that had SHO, 39 had preoperative focal treatment of the diseased medial aspect of the coronoid process. Mean +/- SD dog age was 45.5 +/- 37.48 months and body weight ranged from 13.6 to 46.7 kg. Mean preoperative duration of lameness was 14.7 +/- 18.50 months. Lameness improved for all limbs by 26 weeks, and resolved in 21/32 limbs. Significant improvements in postoperative elbow pain scores and most owner assessments of function were observed. Incidence of major complications requiring surgical intervention was 17.2%, 22.2%, and 4.8% for each of the 3 technique variants described. Histologic examination of 2 elbows at >12 months revealed fibrocartilage cover of medial aspect of humeral condyle.

Author & Journal:Fitzpatrick N, et al, Vet Surg 2009 38:261-278
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Long-term functional outcome of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy versus extracapsular repair in a heterogeneous population of dogs.

Summary:

To compare the long-term outcome of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) and extracapsular repair (ECR) for treatment of a ruptured cranial cruciate ligament (RCCL).

Conclusion:

Dogs achieved normal limb loading faster after TPLO than ECR. TPLO resulted in operated limb function that was indistinguishable from the control population by 1 year postoperatively.

Author & Journal:Nelson SA, et al, Vet Surg 42:38-50, 2013
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Triple pelvic osteotomy: effect on limb function and progression of degenerative joint disease

Summary:

The objective of this study was to evaluate prospectively the outcome of 21 clinical patients treated with triple pelvic osteotomies during the year following surgery.

Conclusion:

Twelve dogs were treated unilaterally and nine dogs were treated bilaterally with triple pelvic osteotomies. There were no differences in mean anteversion angles, angles of inclination, or preoperative DJD between treated hips and untreated hips. Degenerative joint diseaseprogressed significantly in all hips regardless of treatment. Two cases developed hyperextension of their hocks after the triple pelvicosteotomies. However, no radiographic evidence of DJD was observed for any of the stifles or hocks at any observation time. A significant increase in vertical peak force (VPF) scores was noted for treated legs by two-to-three months after surgery, which continued over time. Untreated legs did not show a significant change in VPF scores over time. No differences were found in progression to higher scores when unilaterally treated legs, first-side treated legs, and second-side treated legs were compared.

Author & Journal:Johnson AL, et al, J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998 May-Jun;34(3):260-4
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Effects of postoperative rehabilitation on limb function after cranial cruciate ligament repair in dogs.

Summary:

To determine the effects of early postoperative rehabilitation on limb function in dogs after surgery for ruptured cranialcruciate ligament (RCCL).

Conclusion:

Dogs that have surgery for RCCL and a torn medial meniscus benefit from postoperativerehabilitation; rehabilitation should be considered part of the postoperative management of these patients.

Author & Journal:Marsolais, GS, et al, J Am Vet Med Assoc 220:1325-1330, 2002
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Nonconstrained elbow replacement in dogs.

Summary:

To review development of a nonconstrained total elbow replacement system for use in dogs and report the surgical technique used for implantation.

Conclusion:

Design improvements incorporated into the elbow replacement system should increase treatment success.

Author & Journal:Conzemius M., Vet Surg 2009 38:279-284
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Evaluation of the clinical effects of diet and physical rehabilitation in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

Summary:

To assess clinical effects of an omega-3 fatty acid and protein-enriched diet, physical rehabilitation, or both in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) and arthroscopic surgery for cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease.

Conclusion:

Feeding the TF and providing physical rehabilitation during the first 6 months after TPLO were associated with improvements in some indices of clinical outcome and function in dogs. Significant interactions between time and some outcome variables were observed, indicating further research is warranted.

Author & Journal:Baltzer WI, et al, J Am Vet Med Assoc 252:686-700, 2018
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Comparison of long-term outcomes associated with three surgical techniques for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament disease in dogs.

Summary:

To evaluate long-term (>1 year) outcomes with respect to function and complications in dogs undergoing TightRope (TR), tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO), or tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease.

Conclusion:

Long-term outcomes for TPLO and TR were superior to TTA based on subjective client and DVM assessments. Each technique was associated with a high long-term success rate with TR showing the highest safety-to-efficacy ratio.

Author & Journal:Christopher SA, et al, Vet Surg 42:329-334, 2013
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