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Management

Double pelvic osteotomy for the treatment of hip dysplasia in young dogs.

Summary:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) (osteotomy of the ilium and pubis) to treat clinical cases of hip dyplasia in young dogs instead of performing a triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) (osteotomy of the ilium, pubis, and ischium).

Conclusion:

Restoration of normal joint congruity (PC from 50 to 72%) and maintenance of the pelvic geometry without pelvic narrowing were the most intriguing features of DPO. The complications observed were greatly reduced when using dedicated DPO plates. Based on our experience, the morbidity after unilateral and bilateral DPO was lower than after TPO because elimination of the ischiatic osteotomy allowed for increased stability of the pelvis. The surgical technique of DPO was a little more demanding than TPO because of the difficulty in handling and rotating the acetabular iliac segment, but this difficulty was offset by elimination of ischial osteotomy.

Author & Journal:Vezzoni A, et al, VCOT 2010
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Effects of early intensive postoperative physiotherapy on limb function after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs with deficiency of the cranial cruciate ligament.

Summary:

To determine effects of early intensive postoperative physiotherapy on limb function in dogs after tibial plateau levelingosteotomy (TPLO) for deficiency of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL).

Conclusion:

After TPLO in CCL-deficient dogs, early physiotherapy intervention should be considered as part of the postoperative management to prevent muscle atrophy, build muscle mass and strength, and increase stifle joint flexion and extension ROMs.

Author & Journal:Monk, ML, et al, Am J Vet Res 67:529-536, 2006
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Early clinical experience with osteochondral autograft transfer for treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the medial humeral condyle in dogs.

Summary:

To establish whether osteochondral autograft transfer (OAT) procedures for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the canine elbow would restore articular contour, resurface osteochondral defects with hyaline cartilage, and resolve lameness in the short term.

Conclusion:

OAT procedures are technically feasible in the canine elbow. In elbows with concurrent MCD, proximal ulnar osteotomy may improve likelihood of positive clinical outcome.

Author & Journal:Fitzpatrick N, et al, Vet Surg 2009 38:246-260
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Effect of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan on DNA content and proteoglycan metabolism in normal and osteoarthritic canine articular cartilage explants.

Summary:

To study the effect of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) on proteoglycan metabolism and DNA content of control and osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage.

Conclusion:

OA cartilage was responsive to treatment with PSGAG at 100-fold lower concentration than control cartilage. When treated with PSGAG, articular cartilage explants maintained or increased DNA content at the expense of proteoglycan synthesis. Following MMP activation, proteoglycan degradation was inhibited in OA and control explants in a dose-dependent manner.

Author & Journal:Sevalla K, et al, Vet Surg 2000;29: 407-414
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Long-term radiographic comparison of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy versus extracapsular stabilization for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the dog.

Summary:

Comparison of 2 methods of surgical management of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) injury in large-breed dogs using a radiographic osteoarthrosis (OA) scoring system.

Conclusion:

Based on logistic regression analysis, dogs with larger OA score differences were 5.78 times more likely to have had ECR than TPLO.

Author & Journal:Lazar TP, et al, Vet Surg 34:133–141, 2005
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Total joint replacement in the dog.

Summary:

Total joint replacement has evolved over the past 50 years from a concept that was first attempted in people suffering from osteoarthritis to a commonly applied practice in veterinary medicine. Although many questions have been answered, several controversies still exist, with many implant and technical options being explored.

Conclusion:

Currently, total hip and elbow replacement are commercially available options viable for use in dogs. These options are detailed in this article. Joint replacement for other canine joints (ie, knee, hock, shoulder) that develop osteoarthritis likely will be developed in the near future.

Author & Journal:Conzemius MG, et al, Vet Clin North Am Small Anim 2005
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Safety and functional outcomes associated with short-term rehabilitation therapy in the post-operative management of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

Summary:

This retrospective cohort study using electronic questionnaires compared the perioperative complication rates of tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) surgery and the 8-week, 6-month, and 1-year functional outcomes, between rehabilitation and traditional post-operative management.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that rehabilitationperformed by a certified practitioner is safe and may improve short-term outcomes when used in the initial postoperative managementfor dogs treated with TPLO.

Author & Journal:Romano LS, et al, Can Vet J 56:942-946, 2015
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Patellar luxation in dogs and cats: Management and prevention.

Summary:

Patellar luxation in dogs with clinical signs of lameness is managed by surgical correction. Treatment consists of a combination of bone reconstruction and soft tissue correction techniques, Bone reconstruction procedures include mainly trochleoplasty and transposition of the tibial tuberosity. Release and imbrication of the joint capsule and fascia, antirotational suture or posterolateral capsulorrhaphy, and transposition of the quadriceps muscle are the main soft tissue reconstruction procedures.

Conclusion:

The prognosis for animals that receive surgical correction is considered good. Animals with patellar luxation must be excluded from breeding to prevent this condition in future generations.

Author & Journal:L’Eplattenier H, et al, Compend 2002 24(4)292-299
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Effects of treatment with polysulfated glycosaminoglycan on serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and C-reactive protein concentrations, serum matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 activities, and lameness in dogs with osteoarthritis.

Summary:

To investigate the effects of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) treatment on serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) concentration, matrix metal-loproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and -9 (MMP-9) activities, C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, and lameness scores in dogs with osteoarthritis.

Conclusion:

IM administration of PSGAG inhibited COMP degradation in dogs with osteoarthritis. Results indicate that decreases in serum COMP concentrations might be related to improvement in lameness after PSGAG treatment.

Author & Journal:Fujiki M, et al, Am J Vet Res 2007;68:827–833
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